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M.D. Professor, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara/TURKEY Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is still a major cause of failure of retinal detachment surgery. Despite a dramatic increase in our pathobiologic knowledge of PVR during the last 10 years, little of this information has been used to modify the surgical management of the PVR. The cell biology and molecular mediators of proliferative vitreoretinopathy continue to be elucidated. The purpose of this review is to summarize contemporary findings relevant to the pathophysiology of PVR. Keywords : Proliferative vitreoretinopathy, physiopathology