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M.D. Professor, Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Eskisehir/TURKEY There is currently an epidemic of diabetes in the world, especially type 2 diabetes that is related to changing lifestyle, obesity, and increasing age of the population. Latest estimates from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) forecasts a rise from 387 million people worldwide to 592 million by 2035. The burden of diabetic macular oedema (DME) is likely to increase as the prevalence of diabetes is expected to rise. The global prevalance of DME is 8.3% and the incidence may be decreasing in the last decades due to better management of diabetes and DME. Major modifiable risk factors for DME are hyperglycemia, hypertension and dyslipidemia. DME-related costs and medical expenditures for DME patients are much higher than for diabetic patients without retinal diseases, representing a substantial economic and societal burden. Keywords : Diabetic macular oedema