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M.D. Professor, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara/TURKEY Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), and it is one of the main reasons for the visual loss and blindness in diabetes. In 50% of patients with DM, DME can be observed. It is predicted that in next twenty years 360 million people worldwide will suffer from diabetes and its complications. Insight into etiopathogenesis of DME is important in the development of new agents for the prevention and treatment of this complication. Keywords : Diabetes mellitus, macular edema, pathogenesis