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SSK İstanbul Eğitim Hastanesi, 2. İ.Ü.İ.Tıp Fakültesi Patoloji ABD. Injection of the periocular anesthetic, though infrequently, may cause perforation of the globe. Various drug effects on retina are already known facts. In this study, the toxic effect of the intraocular injection of prilocaine and bupivacaine is evaluated in 18 albino rats. Right eyes of the 9 rats were injected 0.1 ml of %5 bupivacaine and another 9 right eyes were injected 0.1 ml of %2 prilocaine. All of the 18 left eyes were used as a control group and injected 0.1 cc of BSS. After 15 days rats were killed, and eyes were enucleated. Tissue samples were fixed in formaldehyde and stained with heamotoxylen-eosine conventionally. Light microscopic examination showed neutrophilic infiltration of vitreous and choroidea in 5 eyes, which were injected bupivacaine (2 eyes) and BSS (3 eyes). Vessel ectasia was observed in one of the eye, injected prilocaine and spongiosis of the outer segment of the photoreceptors was seen in 1 one eye injected bupivacaine and 1 eye injected BSS. The cellular components of the retina showed no abnormality in all eyes and no histopathological finding, that could be the result of toxic effect of anesthetic, was observed.
Although needle penetration of the globe during periocular anesthesia is uncommon, using alternative methods in high-risk patients can reduce its occurrence. If the needle penetration of the globe occurs, final visual acuities are dependent on the severity of the ocular injury. Keywords : local anesthesia, retinal toxicity, glob perforation