Journal of Retina Vitreous adopts and adheres to the ethical guidelines, frameworks and standards established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

• Original Content: Journal of Retina Vitreous only publishes original scholar work. Manuscripts submitted to the Journal must not be published or under consideration for publication elsewhere. However, authors can submit their manuscript to the Journal upon receiving the rejection letter from another publisher. Theses and dissertations that are not archived online are considered original and unpublished. However, authors submitting a manuscript using the content and data of theses or dissertations must declare it in the Title Page.
• Authorship: Authors must follow the authorship criteria listed in the “Authorship” section and avoid gift or ghost authorship.
• Redundant Publication: Authors must avoid submitting a manuscript for publication based on the same data set, study or experiment. Redundant publications are considered unethical.
• Citations and Plagiarism: Authors must cite relevant and verified literature to support their scholarly work. For more information about citation, also see the “References” section.
• Authors must avoid any kind of citation manipulation and misconduct when citing other scholarly work, and also avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism.
• Fabrication and Falsification: Authors must avoid data fabrication and falsification of any content. Authors are obliged to ensure that data presented in their manuscript is accurate and representative of the manuscript. Authors may be asked to submit their raw data or supplemental data with the manuscript to ensure transparency. Authors are responsible for submitting supplementary and ancillary material.
• Ethical approval: Studies that require ethics committee approval should include statements of ethics committee approval in the Methods section and on the title page. It is imperative to ensure de-identification of any relevant identifying information within the ethics committee approval declaration in the Methods section prior to submission. The title page must include information on the name of the ethics committee and the date and number of the ethics committee’s approval. Publication of case reports requires declaration of having obtained written informed consent from the parent or guardian, and ascent from the patient if they are an adolescent. This information should be added to the Case Presentation section.
• Studies Involving Animal and Human Subjects: All manuscripts submitted to the journal and all studies involving animal or human subjects must comply with the guidelines and ethical principles established by the authorities.
• Conflict of Interests: Authors must declare competing interests. There may be a conflict of interest when authors (or their employer, sponsor, or family/friends) have a financial, commercial, legal, or professional connection with other organizations or those working with them that could impact the research or the way the results are interpreted. Therefore, authors must declare financial, commercial, legal or professional competing interests on their title page. If there is no conflict of interest, authors also must declare it in their manuscript.
• Authors are required to notify the journal editor or publisher of any inaccuracy or error in a published, preprint, or under-review manuscript and to cooperate with the editor-in-chief in correcting or withdrawing the manuscript.
• The journal reserves the right not to publish, or reject manuscripts if plagiarism, ethical violation, undisclosed previous publication or conflict of interest is discovered in the copyediting stage, even after the editorial decision to accept.

Ethical Responsibilities of Editors and Reviewers

Editors and peer reviewers are obliged to

• follow the COPE’s Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.
• keep manuscripts and editorial reports confidential. Manuscripts, editorial reports and any information obtained cannot be shared or disclosed for any reasons.
• keep their anonymity, refraining from disclosing their identity to authors or other editors and reviewers. (Reviewers cannot not contact the authors directly without the permission of the journal.)
• declare all the competing interest (personal, financial, intellectual, professional, political or religious), seek advice from the editorial office or disagree to review in case of any competing interests.
• keep an open and constructive communication with authors, and other editors and peer-reviewers. (Inappropriate language or disruptive behavior is not acceptable. Journal of Retina Vitreous follows COPE guidelines when dealing with such cases.)
• complete the tasks that are assigned on a timely manner, inform the journal in case of a need for an extension or a withdrawal from the task.
• facilitate the review process, remain unbiased, ensure the review process proceeds consistently and fairly.
• protect the integrity of the peer-review process.
• inform the editorial office if come across any misconduct, unethical behavior, or irregularities with respect to research and publication ethics.

Retractions

Trends in Pediatrics will initiate a retraction process for articles found to have ethical violations such as multiple submissions, false authorship, plagiarism, or fabrication of data. As part of its ethical policy, Trends in Pediatrics adheres to the guidelines and recommendations set forth by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

• For more information, please see COPE Retraction Guidelines: https://publicationethics.org